A new study shows that money can buy happiness, at least somewhat.
The two things are more strongly related than in the past, with no more “happiness plateau” at higher levels of income.
Many factors determine happiness, but one has stirred considerable controversy over the years: money.
While the old adage says that money can’t buy happiness, several studies have determined that the more your income increases, the happier you are, up until US$75,000 a year.
After hitting that threshold, more income doesn’t make a difference.
But in a new analysis of more than 40,000 U.S. adults aged 30 and over, my colleague and I found an even deeper relationship between money and happiness.
Because the survey data spanned five decades, from 1972 to 2016, we were also able to see if the link between money and happiness changed over the years.
That’s where things got interesting: Today, money and happiness are more strongly related than they were in the past.
It seems money buys more happiness than it used to.
Furthermore, unlike previous studies, there was no happiness plateau or saturation at higher levels of income.
For example, adults making $160,000 or more a year in 2020 dollars were happier than those making between $115,000 and $160,000.
Less isn’t more: money can buy happiness
There are likely many reasons for these trends.
For one, income inequality has grown: The rich have gotten richer, and the poor have gotten poorer.
Today the average company CEO makes 271 times the salary of a typical worker, up from 30 times more in 1978.
While it was once possible to buy a house and support a family with a high school education, that has become increasingly difficult.
In a society with more income inequality, the gulf between the “haves” and the “have nots” is more stark, with fewer belonging to the middle class.
That’s partially because the cost of many key needs, such as housing, education and health care, have outpaced inflation, and salaries haven’t kept up even as workers became more productive.
Marriage rates may also explain part of the trend.
In the 1970s, marriage rates hardly differed by class, but now those with more income and education are more likely to be married than those with less.
Married people are happier on average than unmarried people.
When we controlled for marriage rates, the trend toward a growing class divide in happiness lessened – though it still remained, suggesting several factors were at work.
Can money buy happiness going forward? The road ahead
Politicians are beginning to recognize this, with more supporting the idea of universal basic income, in which all citizens receive a set amount of money from the government each month.
Andrew Yang gained traction in the 2020 Democratic presidential primaries partially through his support of universal basic income, and more mayors across the country are experimenting with guaranteed income.
As a general rule, stark divisions by class have a negative impact on the well-being of a society.
One study found that people living in countries with more income inequality were less happy.
In a nation already deeply polarized, these growing class divisions will likely only make matters worse.
As the 2020 election approaches, political campaigns must recognize the ramifications of these sharp class divides.
The nation’s happiness and well-being are at stake.
Author:
Jean Twenge, Professor of Psychology, San Diego State University
Photo: by freestocks via Unsplash
This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license.
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