Semaglutide Side Effects: A Friendly Overview of Potential Risks

Understanding Semaglutide

Mechanism of Action

Semaglutide is a prescription medication, primarily used for managing type 2 diabetes.

It is a synthetic, long-acting form of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) that works by activating the GLP-1 receptor.

This activation stimulates insulin production in response to high blood sugar levels while reducing glucagon secretion, which helps lower blood sugar levels.

Available Forms

Semaglutide is available in several forms.

The drug is marketed under the brand names Ozempic (injection) and Rybelsus (tablet).

Another brand, Wegovy, is prescribed specifically for weight loss.

Ozempic is administered as a subcutaneous injection using a pre-filled pen.

In contrast, Rybelsus is an oral tablet for patients who prefer taking medication by mouth.

Dosage and Administration

Depending on the individual patient’s needs and response to the medication, the starting dose for semaglutide can vary.

The dose is gradually increased to minimize gastrointestinal side effects.

For Ozempic, a common starting dose is 0.25 mg per week, which may later be increased to 0.5 or 1 mg per week ¹.

Similarly, for Rybelsus, the starting dose is typically 3 mg daily, gradually increasing to 7 or 14 mg daily as needed.

Potential Benefits

Semaglutide has shown significant benefits in controlling blood sugar levels for people suffering from type 2 diabetes.

It is designed to mimic the effects of the body’s natural GLP-1 hormone, thus reducing dependence on insulin injections².

Furthermore, semaglutide is associated with weight loss, making it a viable option for certain individuals looking to shed extra pounds in addition to managing their diabetes.

Possible Side Effects and Precautions

Common Side Effects

Semaglutide, a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes, can cause several common side effects.

Some of the most frequently reported include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation.

Other side effects like headache, dizziness, gas, stomach pain, and fatigue are also possible ³.

Although bothersome, these side effects often improve over time as your body gets used to the medication ⁴.

Serious Health Risks

Apart from the common side effects, semaglutide has some potential serious health risks.

These include pancreatitis, hypoglycemia, and gallbladder disease ¹.

There are also concerns about an increased risk of medullary thyroid cancer and multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 ².

Additionally, some individuals might experience allergic reactions, which can manifest as a rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing ⁵.

If you notice worsening symptoms or life-threatening side effects, it is important to contact your healthcare provider immediately.

Managing Side Effects

To alleviate and manage common side effects, you may consider gradually increasing the dosage of semaglutide.

This can help your body adjust to the medication more easily.

Keeping track of your blood glucose levels is essential, as the drug can impact both high and low blood sugar ⁶.

If you experience constant discomfort or disturbances, your healthcare professional may be able to guide you on ways to prevent or reduce these side effects ⁷.

Who Should Avoid Semaglutide?

Certain individuals should avoid using semaglutide or should use it with caution.

Individuals with type 1 diabetes, a history of kidney disease, or pancreatitis may not be good candidates for this medication ⁸.

Pregnant women, as well as those planning to undergo surgery, should consult their healthcare provider before using semaglutide ⁹.